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Barton on Sea (often hyphenated as Barton-on-Sea) is a coastal village situated in Hampshire, England. As a settlement, Barton has a history dating back to Anglo-Saxon times, although the modern village was largely built in the 20th century. It is effectively a suburb of New Milton. Barton is notable for the many fossils to be found in the Barton geological beds in the cliffs, as well as for the significant sea defences built to defend the cliffs against coastal erosion. ==History== The area of Barton has been populated since prehistoric times. A number of bronze age funerary urns were uncovered in Barton during the early 20th century, although most of them have been lost or destroyed.〔A. T. Lloyd, J. E. S. Brooks, (1996), ''The History of New Milton and its Surrounding Area, Centenary Edition'', page 10〕 While Barton is a common English place-name, the etymology of Barton-on-Sea is unique. It means Beorma's Farm, and appears twice in the Domesday Book, as ''Bermintune'' and as ''Burmintune''.〔(Barton-on-Sea History )〕 Roger de Montgomerie, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury, and friend of William the Conqueror, held both Barton manors in 1086.〔(''The History of Barton-on-Sea'' ) NewForest-Online, retrieved 30 November 2010〕 A manor is mentioned in 1559, when John Dowce died in possession of it.〔William Page (editor), 1912, (''A History of the County of Hampshire: Volume 5'' ), Victoria County History〕 William Juniper acquired it soon after, and at his death it was described as the capital farm called "Barmeton".〔 In 1654, Richard Stephens, lord of Winkton Manor, is said to have owned the "site of the manor" of Barton.〔 It remained in the Stephens family until 1733, when Richard Stephens sold it to Thomas Le Marchant of the Inner Temple.〔 In 1771 John Le Marchant of Guernsey conveyed "the scite of the manor of Barton, etc.," to Edward Dampier of Corfe Castle, in whose family it remained (the last holder having taken the name of Crossley) until 1903.〔 A distinctive row of Coast Guard Cottages is to be found in Barton Lane, Barton on Sea; these were built at the end of the nineteenth century by the Government of the day to house armed guards to try to stop the smuggling that was rife at the time. The Barton on Sea and Mudeford coastline was renowned for smuggling with many of the offshore seaways and routes to shore being named after well known local smuggling families.〔A. T. Lloyd, J. E. S. Brooks, (1996), ''The History of New Milton and its Surrounding Area, Centenary Edition'', pages 28-29, 39〕 As late as the 1880s, Barton largely consisted of two farm estates, but in the 1890s, both farms were auctioned and the estates were broken up.〔A. T. Lloyd, J. E. S. Brooks, (1996), ''The History of New Milton and its Surrounding Area, Centenary Edition'', page 47〕 Subsequent land sales in the period 1904-1907 allowed the full development of the village as it appears today.〔 In 1897 the first golf course was built at Barton along the cliff top, although the modern golf course at the east end of Barton dates from 1922.〔 In the First World War Barton was the site of a convalescent home for Indian service men,〔 and this is commemorated by an obelisk in the village which was erected in 1917.〔A. T. Lloyd, J. E. S. Brooks, (1996), ''The History of New Milton and its Surrounding Area, Centenary Edition'', page 57〕 In 1927, a maternity hospital known as the Grove Maternity Hospital was founded, and where many local people were born, until the hospital closed in 1988.〔A. T. Lloyd, J. E. S. Brooks, (1996), ''The History of New Milton and its Surrounding Area, Centenary Edition'', page 95〕 During World War II, the sea front at Barton was made a restricted area and metal defences including a pillbox were built, in the event of a German invasion.〔A. T. Lloyd, J. E. S. Brooks, (1996), ''The History of New Milton and its Surrounding Area, Centenary Edition'', page 79〕 At the east end of Barton was Becton Farm, where the famous showjumper Marion Coakes lived.〔A. T. Lloyd, J. E. S. Brooks, (1996), ''The History of New Milton and its Surrounding Area, Centenary Edition'', page 48〕 Her horse, Stroller, is the only pony to have competed at the Olympic Games in Show Jumping, winning an Individual Silver Medal in the 1968 Summer Olympics.〔(''Show Jumping Nostalgia'' ) - retrieved 30 November 2010〕 The pony was buried at the farm. The farm was later bought by the Barton on Sea Golf Club, and Stroller now lies underneath the golf course with a plaque over the grave.〔 The footballers Russell Perrett,〔(SoccerBase: Russell Perrett ), retrieved 30 November 2010〕 Jamie Redknapp,〔(Liverpool FC, Past Players, Jamie Redknapp ), retrieved 30 November 2010〕 and Neil Moss,〔(Bournemouth Echo 1 June 2009 ), retrieved 30 November 2010〕 were all born in Barton on Sea. Famous residents of Barton have included the novelist Beatrice Harraden;〔Joanne Shattock, 1993, ''The Oxford guide to British women writers'', page 204〕 the cricketer Denys Hill;〔(Cricket Archive: Denys Vivian Hill ), retrieved 30 November 2010〕 and the conductor Harry Norris.〔(D'Oyly Carte Who Was Who ), retrieved 30 November 2010〕 George Campbell Wheeler who served in the British Indian Army during World War I and was awarded the Victoria Cross also lived here.〔Max Arthur, 2005, ''Symbol of Courage: The Men Behind the Medal'', page 684. Pan Macmillan〕 The GCHQ whistleblower and intelligence agency officer, Jock Kane, lived in Barton in the 1980s, where he worked as a milkman and school bus driver. Barton on Sea is effectively a suburb of the inland town, New Milton and is a very popular retirement location. Approximately 36% of the population are retired.〔Victoria Pybus, 2008, ''Where to Retire in Britain'', page 146 Crimson Publishing〕 The population of Barton in the 2001 census was 6,849.〔Population for the (Barton Ward ) = 5,056. Population for (east Barton ) = 1,793. Combined total = 6849〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Barton on Sea」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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